Development of a Multiplex Bead Assay for the Detection of IgG Antibody

Development of a Multiplex Bead Assay for the Detection of IgG Antibody Responses to Guinea Worm
The success of the Guinea Worm (GW) Eradication Program over the past three decades has been tempered by the persistence of GW disease in a few African nations and the potential for a future resurgence in cases. Domestic dogs are now a major concern as a disease reservoir as large numbers of cases of canine GW disease are now reported each year, mainly along the Chari River in Chad.
As a first step toward the development of a serologic assay for dogs, archived human plasma samples from dracunculiasis-positive donors from Togo were used to select adult female GW antigens for peptide sequencing and cloning. Eight protein sequences of interest were expressed as recombinant glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins, and the most promising proteins were coupled to carboxylated microspheres for use in multiplex assays.
A thioredoxin-like protein (TRXL1) and a domain of unknown function (DUF148) were assessed for total IgG and IgG4 reactivities using a panel of specimens from GW cases, uninfected donors, and individuals infected with various nematode worms, including Onchocerca volvulus. Both the DUF148-GST and the TRXL1-GST assays cross-reacted with O. volvulus sera, but the latter assay was always the more specific.
The IgG4 and total IgG TRXL1-GST assays both had sensitivities > 87% and specificities > 90%. Maximum specificity (> 96%) was obtained with the total IgG assay when reactivity to both antigens was used to define a positive case. Given the good performance of the human assay, we are now working to modify the assay for dog assessments

enviroshieldproducts
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OKAG00129 | Aviva Systems Biology | 96 Wells | EUR 715.2 |
Description: Description of target: The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine receptor that belongs to the interleukin 1 receptor family. This protein binds interleukin alpha (IL1A), interleukin beta (IL1B), and interleukin 1 receptor, type I(IL1R1/IL1RA), and acts as a decoy receptor that inhibits the activity of its ligands. Interleukin 4 (IL4) is reported to antagonize the activity of interleukin 1 by inducing the expression and release of this cytokine. This gene and three other genes form a cytokine receptor gene cluster on chromosome 2q12. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants and protein isoforms. Alternative splicing produces both membrane-bound and soluble proteins. A soluble protein is also produced by proteolytic cleavage.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Quantitative Colorimentric Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 32 pg/mL |
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A03106-1 | BosterBio | 1 ml | EUR 476.4 |
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal IL1R2/Il 1 Rii Antibody. Validated in IP, WB and tested in Human. |
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YF-PA24454 | Abfrontier | 50 ul | EUR 400.8 |
Description: Mouse polyclonal to PKA R2 |
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YF-PA13990 | Abfrontier | 50 ul | EUR 435.6 |
Description: Mouse polyclonal to PKA R2 |
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Anti-CRBN | ImmunoStep | 50 µg | EUR 418.8 |
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A08339-1 | BosterBio | 100ug/vial | EUR 400.8 |
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A10846-1 | BosterBio | 100ul | EUR 476.4 |
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for IL-17B Antibody (IL17B) detection.tested for IHC in Human, Rat. |
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A00102-1 | BosterBio | 100ug | EUR 518.4 |
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal IL-6 Antibody. Validated in Neu, IHC, WB and tested in Human. |
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STJ96053 | St John's Laboratory | 200 µl | EUR 236.4 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to TNF-R2. |
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STJ96379 | St John's Laboratory | 200 µl | EUR 236.4 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to GABAB R2. |
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STJ24010 | St John's Laboratory | 100 µl | EUR 471.6 |
Description: Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a member of the histone H3 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is located separately from the other H3 genes that are in the histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3. |
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YF-MA14876 | Abfrontier | 100 ug | EUR 435.6 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal to PKA R2 |
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YF-MA10721 | Abfrontier | 100 ug | EUR 435.6 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal to PKA R2 |
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A02219-1 | BosterBio | 100ul | EUR 476.4 |
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for IL-3R beta Antibody (CSF2RB) detection.tested for WB in Human, Mouse, Rat. |
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A00387-1 | BosterBio | 100ug/vial | EUR 352.8 |
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A00423-1 | BosterBio | 100ul | EUR 476.4 |
Description: Mouse Monoclonal Antibody for IL-8 Antibody (CXCL8) detection. Tested with IHC in Human, Mouse, Rat. |
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A00963-1 | BosterBio | 100ug/vial | EUR 352.8 |
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M00421-1 | BosterBio | 100ug | EUR 546 |
Description: Mouse Monoclonal IL-17A Antibody. Validated in WB and tested in Human. |
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M00102-1 | BosterBio | 100ug | EUR 546 |
Description: Mouse Monoclonal IL-6 Antibody. Validated in Flow Cytometry, WB and tested in Human. |
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A12003 | EpiGentek |
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A12004 | EpiGentek |
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CABT-L4486-1mg | Creative Diagnostics | 1 mg | EUR 1076.4 |
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CABT-L4486-5mg | Creative Diagnostics | 5 mg | EUR 2886 |
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A12001 | EpiGentek |
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A12002 | EpiGentek |
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B02062-1 | BosterBio | 100ug | EUR 518.4 |
Description: Mouse Monoclonal Human IL-17F Biotin Conjugated Antibody. Validated in IHC, WB and tested in Human. |
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E13-003-1 | EnoGene | 10μg | EUR 255.6 |
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E13-029-1 | EnoGene | 10μg | EUR 255.6 |
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A03286-1 | BosterBio | 100ug | EUR 546 |
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal IL-32A Antibody Peroxidase Conjugated. Validated in WB and tested in Human. |
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11-551-C100 | ExBio | 0.1 mg | EUR 244.8 |
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P1019-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 8745.6 |
Description: Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1?) is a proinflammatory cytokine and is produced by activated macrophages, monocytes, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1? and IL-1? bind to the same receptor and have similar biological properties. |
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P1018-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 6073.2 |
Description: Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1?) is a proinflammatory cytokine and is produced by activated macrophages, monocytes, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells |
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P1020-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 1387.2 |
Description: Interleukin 2 (IL2) is a secreted cytokine that is important for the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes and is produced by activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, gamma ? T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and eosinophils. IL-2 plays a critical role in immune responses against pathogenic infection |
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P1021-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 4820.4 |
Description: Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated T cells, mast cells and eosinophils, and stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, and committed progenitor cells of the megakaryocyte |
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P1024-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 8328 |
Description: Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a potent lymphoid cell growth factor produced by bone marrow and thymic stromal cells, spleen cells and keratinocytes. IL7 stimulates the proliferation of Pre-B, Pro-B and early T cells. |
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HY-N0909 | MedChemExpress | 10mg | EUR 555.6 |
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TN028181 | ChemNorm | 20mg | Ask for price |
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TBZ1475 | ChemNorm | unit | Ask for price |
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EI2200-1 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 572.4 |
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EI2301-1 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 572.4 |
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X11000 | EpiGentek |
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PROTQ63264-1 | BosterBio | 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine produced in a variety of cells including monocytes, tissue macrophages, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1α and IL-1β binds to the same receptor and has similar if not identical biological properties. These cytokines have a broad range of activities including, stimulation of thymocyte proliferation, by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, mitogenic FGF-like activity and the ability to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. However, whereas IL-1β is a secreted cytokine, IL-1α is predominantly a cell-associated cytokine. Recombinant rat IL-1β is a 17.4 kDa protein containing 153 amino acid residues. |
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R00101-1 | BosterBio | 5ug/vial | EUR 310.8 |
Description: IL-1 beta (IL-1β) is a member of the interleukin 1 family of cytokines. The IL-1 beta cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Canine IL-1 beta Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-1 beta cytokine produced in yeast. |
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R01144-1 | BosterBio | 5ug/vial | EUR 310.8 |
Description: IL-1 alpha (IL-1α, IL-1F1) is a member of the interleukin 1 family of cytokines. IL-1 alpha is an inflammatory cytokine active in the initiation of the inflammatory reaction and in driving Th1 and Th17 inflammatory responses. Canine IL-1 alpha Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-1 alpha cytokine produced in yeast. |
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X11001 | EpiGentek |
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PROTP01583-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-1A Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is single, a non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 159 amino acids fragment (113-271) with an amino-terminal hexahistidine tag and having a total molecular mass of 22.5kDa. ;The Interleukin-1 alpha His-tag is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP01584-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-1 beta Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 153 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 17000 Dalton.;The IL-1b is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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P1028-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 8077.2 |
Description: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunosuppressive cytokine produced by macrophages, monocytes, T cells, B cells and keratinocytes. IL-10 inhibits the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF-? and proliferation of T cells |
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P1029-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 6406.8 |
Description: Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is an immunomodulating cytokine mainly produced by adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells, fibroblasts and epithelial cells and stimulates the proliferation of T lymphocytes. |
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P1030-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 4987.2 |
Description: Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by Th17 cells. IL-17 regulates the activities of NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases and stimulates the expression of IL6 and cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX-2), as well as the production of nitric oxide (NO). |
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P1032-.1 | ApexBio | 100 µg | EUR 936 |
Description: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by monocyte/macrophages, osteoblasts and keratinocytes, as a proprotein which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase-1. Human IL-18 can enhance NK cell activity in PBMC cultures. |
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P1032-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 6073.2 |
Description: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by monocyte/macrophages, osteoblasts and keratinocytes, as a proprotein which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase-1. Human IL-18 can enhance NK cell activity in PBMC cultures. |
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P1033-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 7826.4 |
Description: Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by CD4+ T cells in response to antigenic stimulation. IL-21 induces the differentiation of T-cell-stimulated B-cells into plasma cells and memory B-cells, apoptotic effects in naïve B-cells. |
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PROTP29459-1 | BosterBio | 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-12 is a potent regulator of cell mediated immune responses and it induces IFN-γ production by NK and T cells. It is produced by activated monocytes/macrophage cells, B lymphocytes and connective tissue type mast cells. Among its biological activities IL-12 promotes the growth and activity of activated NK, CD4+ and CD8+ cells and induces the development of IFN-γ producing Th1 cells. Recombinant Human IL-12 is a 75.0 kDa heterodimeric glycoprotein consisting of disulfide-linked 35 kDa (p35) and 40 kDa (p40) subunits (503 total amino acid residues). |
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PROTQ13007-1 | BosterBio | 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-24 is a secreted glycoprotein belonging to the IL-10 structural family of cytokines. It is produced by a variety of cell types, including B cells, CD4+ cells, NK cells, lymph node DCs, monocytes, and melanoma cells. IL-24 can signal through the IL20R1/IL20R2 and IL22R1/IL20R2 receptors to initiate a signaling cascade which includes the induction of JAK1/STAT3 phosphorylation. IL-24 is, functionally, a pleiotropic protein but is generally characterized as an anti-cancer cytokine that can selectively inhibit growth of a wide variety of human cancer cells through activities that include the induction of differentiation and apoptosis, and the suppression of angiogenesis and cell proliferation. Recombinant human IL-24 is an 18.9 kDa glycoprotein, containing 161 amino acid residues, including a C-terminal His-tag. |
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PROTQ6EBC2-1 | BosterBio | 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Human IL-31 is a T-cell derived cytokine that shares several structural and functional characteristics with IL-6, Oncostatin M, LIF, and Cardiotrophin-1. It signals through a receptor complex comprised of GPL (GP130-like, IL-31RA) and OSMR (Oncostatin M receptor). GPL/OSMR signaling is a strong activator of STAT3 and STAT5, and can also activate STAT1, Jak1, and Jak2 signaling pathways. IL-31 regulated immune responses have been implicated in skin physiology and inflammatory skin diseases. Recombinant IL-31 is a 15.8 kDa protein containing 141 amino acid residues. |
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PROTQ8TAD2-1 | BosterBio | 25ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-17D is a disulfide-linked homodimer of two 185 amino acid polypeptide chains. It belongs to the IL-17 family of structurally-related cytokines that share a highly conserved C-terminal region but differ from one another in their N-terminal regions and in their distinct biological roles. The six known members of this family, IL-17A through IL-17F, are secreted as homodimers. IL-17D has the ability to stimulate the production of IL-6, IL-8, and GM-CSF and inhibits hemopoiesis of myeloid progenitor cells in colony forming assays. Recombinant human IL-17D is a 40.5 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of two 185 amino acid polypeptide chains. |
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PROTQ9GZX6-1 | BosterBio | 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-22 is a member of the IL-10 family of regulatory cytokines which includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. Members of this family share partial homology in their amino acid sequences, but they are dissimilar in their biological functions. Produced by T lymphocytes, IL-22 inhibits IL-4 production by Th2 cells, and induces acute phase reactants in the liver and pancreas. IL-22 signals through a receptor system consisting of IL-10R-β/CRF2-4 and IL-22R, both of which are members of the class II cytokine-receptor family. Recombinant human IL-22 is a 33.6 kDa non-disulfide-linked homodimeric protein containing of two 146 amino acid polypeptide chains. |
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PROTQ9H293-1 | BosterBio | 25ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-17E is a disulfide-linked homodimer of two 145 amino acid polypeptide chains. It belongs to the IL-17 family of structurally-related cytokines that share a highly conserved C-terminal region, but differ from one another in their N-terminal regions and in their distinct biological roles. The six known members of this family, IL-17A through IL-17F, are secreted as homodimers. IL-17E stimulated secretion of IL-8, and induces activation of the transcription factor NF-κB in cells that express the IL-17BR receptor. Recombinant human IL-17E is a 33.8 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of two 145 amino acid polypeptide chains. |
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PROTQ9NYY1-1 | BosterBio | 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-20 is a member of the IL-10 family of regulatory cytokines which includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. Members of this family share partial homology in their amino acid sequences but they are dissimilar in their biological functions. IL-20 is a hematopoietic growth factor capable of stimulating colony formation by CD34+ multipotential progenitors, but not by other progenitor cells. IL-20 signals through a receptor system composed of type I IL-20R-α and type II IL-20R-β. Over-expression of IL-20 in keratinocytes expressing both receptor subunits has been implicated in the induction of inflammatory skin disease. Recombinant human IL-20 is a 35.2 kDa homodimeric protein consisting of two 153 amino acid polypeptide chains. |
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PROTQ9UHD0-1 | BosterBio | 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-19 belongs to the IL-10 family of regulatory cytokines which includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. Members of this family share partial homology in their amino acid sequences but they are dissimilar in their biological functions. Preliminary data suggests that IL-19 is a proinflammatory cytokine because it up-regulates IL-6 and TNF-α and induces apoptosis through TNF-α. IL-19 signals through the type I IL-20R. Human and murine IL-19 share 71% amino acid sequence identity. Recombinant human IL-19 is a 17.9 kDa protein containing 153 amino acid residues. In solution IL-19 exists predominantly as a non-disulfide-linked dimer. |
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P03830 | BosterBio | 100ul | EUR 477.6 |
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal Phospho-GABAB R2 (Ser783) Antibody. Validated in IF, WB and tested in Mouse, Rat. |
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GST-ANTI-2 | Detroit R&D | 50 uL | EUR 336 |
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GST-ANTI-3 | Detroit R&D | 50 uL | EUR 336 |
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PROTQ62386-1 | BosterBio | 25ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: The originally described IL-17 protein, now known as IL-17A, is a disulfide linked homodimer, secreted by activated T-cells that act on stromal cells to induce production of proinflammatory and hematopoietic bioactive molecules. Today, IL-17 represents a family of structurally-related cytokines that share a highly conserved C-terminal region but differ from one another in their N-terminal regions and in their distinct biological roles. The six known members of this family, IL-17A through IL-17F, are secreted as homodimers. IL-17A exhibits cross-species bioactivity between human and murine cells. Recombinant murine IL-17A is a 30.0 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of two 133 amino acid polypeptide chains. |
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P1026-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 5071.2 |
Description: Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a proinflammatory CXC chemokine produced by macrophages, epithelial cells. IL-8 is also synthesized by endothelial cells, which store IL-8 in their storage vesicles, the Weibel-Palade bodies |
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ABF0364 | Lifescience Market | 100 ug | EUR 525.6 |
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ABF0365 | Lifescience Market | 100 ug | EUR 525.6 |
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DF3091 | Affbiotech | 200ul | EUR 420 |
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AF6724 | Affbiotech | 100ul | EUR 420 |
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N2244-20 | ApexBio | 20 mg | EUR 686.4 |
Description: Extracted from Panax Notoginseng dried roots;Store the product in sealed, cool and dry condition |
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PR15062CF | Neuromics | 50 ug | EUR 553.2 |
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1-CSB-EP310587EYA | Cusabio |
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Description: Recombinant Porphyromonas gingivalis Gingipain R2(rgpB),partial expressed in E.coli |
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PROTP10145-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 25ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-8 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 77 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 8904 Dalton. ;The IL-8 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP18510-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 50ug | EUR 818.4 |
Description: IL1Ra Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is single, a non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 152 amino acids fragment (26-177) and having a total molecular mass of 21.63kDa with an amino-terminal hexahistidine tag. ;The IL-1Ra His is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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EMI2200-1 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 572.4 |
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E13-013-1 | EnoGene | 10μg | EUR 193.2 |
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E13-015-1 | EnoGene | 10μg | EUR 193.2 |
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E13-016-1 | EnoGene | 10μg | EUR 193.2 |
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STJ120094 | St John's Laboratory | 100 µl | EUR 631.2 |
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PROTP05112-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-4 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 130 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15kDa. ;The IL-4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP05231-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-6 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 184 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 21000 Dalton. ;The IL6 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP08700-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-3 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 133 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15000 Dalton. The IL-3 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP15248-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-9 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated single polypeptide chain containing 127 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 14,004 Dalton. ;The IL-9 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP20809-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 10ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-11 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 179 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 19256.29 Dalton. ;The IL-11 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTQ16552-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 25ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-17A Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a homodimeric, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing a total of 264 amino acids (2 chains of 132 aa) and having a molecular mass of 31kDa. ;The IL-17 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTQ8IU54-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-29 human recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 181 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 20 kDa. |
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PROTQ8IZJ0-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL-28A human recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 175 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 19.6 kDa. |
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PROTQ9UHF5-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 25ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-17B Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a homodimeric, non-disulfide-linked polypeptide chain containing a total of 322 amino acids (2 chains of 161aa) and having a molecular mass of 36.5kDa. The IL-17B is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP01582-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL 1 alpha Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 179 amino acids (115-270 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 20.4kDa.;IL 1 alpha is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP10749-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 25ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: Interleukin-1 beta Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 189 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 21 kDa. ;The IL-1b is fused to His-Tag and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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PROTP16598-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL 1 alpha Rat Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 179 amino acids (115-270 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 20.2kDa. |
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P1022-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 5404.8 |
Description: IL-4 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated T lymphocytes, basophils, mast cells and bone marrow stromal cells. IL-4 plays an important role in the regulation of isotype switching, differentiation of precursor T helper cells and induction of IgE production in B lymphocytes. |
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P1023-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 8328 |
Description: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated T cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, keratinocytes and macrophages, and plays an critical role in host defense by regulating immune and inflammatory responses. |
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P1025-1 | ApexBio | 1 mg | EUR 8328 |
Description: Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a potent lymphoid cell growth factor produced by bone marrow and thymic stromal cells, spleen cells and keratinocytes. IL7 stimulates the proliferation of Pre-B, Pro-B and early T cells. |
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PROTP25085-1 | BosterBio | Regular: 20ug | EUR 380.4 |
Description: IL1 ra Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 153 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 17.4kDa. ;The IL1ra is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
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A01144 | BosterBio | 1mg | EUR 1478.4 |
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal IL-1 Alpha Antibody. Validated in WB and tested in Human. |
Targeted Alteration of Antibody-Based Immunodominance Enhances the Heterosubtypic Immunity of an Experimental PCV2 Vaccine
- Despite the availability of commercial vaccines which can effectively prevent clinical signs, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) continues to remain an economically important swine virus, as strain drift, followed by displacement of new subtypes, occurs periodically.
- We had previously determined that the early antibody responses to the PCV2 capsid protein in infected pigs map to immunodominant but non-protective, linear B cell epitopes. In this study, two of the previously identified immunodominant epitopes were mutated in the backbone of a PCV2b infectious clone, to rationally restructure the immunogenic capsid protein. The rescued virus was used to immunize 3-week-old weanling piglets, followed by challenge with a virulent heterologous PCV2d strain.
- As expected, immunodominant antibody responses to the targeted epitopes were abrogated in vaccinated pigs, while a broadening of the virus neutralization responses was detected. Vaccinated pigs were completely protected against challenge viral replication, had reduced microscopic lesions in lymphoid organs and gained significantly more body weight when compared to unvaccinated pigs.
- Thus, the experimental PCV2 vaccine developed was highly effective against challenge, and, if adopted commercially, can potentially slow down or eliminate new strain creation.
Acute RNA Viral Encephalomyelitis and the Role of Antibodies in the Central Nervous System
Acute RNA viral encephalomyelitis is a serious complication of numerous virus infections. Antibodies in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) are correlated to better outcomes, and there is substantive evidence of antibody secreting cells (ASCs) entering the central nervous system (CNS) and contributing to resolution of infection.
Here, we review the RNA viruses known to cause acute viral encephalomyelitis with mechanisms of control that require antibody or ASCs. We compile the cytokines, chemokines, and surface receptors associated with ASC recruitment to the CNS after infection and compare known antibody-mediated mechanisms as well as potential noncytolytic mechanisms for virus control.
These non-canonical functions of antibodies may be employed in the CNS to protect precious non-renewable neurons. Understanding the immune-specialized zone of the CNS is essential for the development of effective treatments for acute encephalomyelitis caused by RNA viruses.
![]() 9998 SCREW CAP 415/15 |
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9998-15 | CORNING | 288/pk | EUR 237.6 |
Description: General Apparatus; Stoppers |
![]() Rabbit Polyclonal antibody Anti-CRBN |
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Anti-CRBN | ImmunoStep | 50 µg | EUR 418.8 |
![]() Liquid Wicks, Size 15, 200 /pk |
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W-15 | MiTeGen | 200 WICKS | EUR 22 |
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Description: Liquid Wicks, Size 15, 200 /pk |
![]() Human CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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EHC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() AXYGEN® HORIZONTAL GEL BOX, 15 CM |
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HGB-15 | CORNING | 1/pk | EUR 583.2 |
Description: Lab Equipment; Axygen Branded EQ |
![]() DiagNano Fluorophore Labeled Gold Nanoparticles, 15 nm |
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GFL-15 | Creative Diagnostics | 1 mL | EUR 1263.6 |
![]() AXYGEN® GEL TRAY 15 X 15 CM FOR USE WITH 15 CM GEL BOX, UV TRANSPARENT |
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HGB15-15-GT | CORNING | 1/pk | EUR 94.8 |
Description: Lab Equipment; Axygen Branded EQ |
![]() DiagNano Gold Nanoparticle Passive Conjugation Kit, 15 nm |
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GPK-15 | Creative Diagnostics | 1 kit | EUR 858 |
![]() Anti-Human IgG |
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DB173RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 426 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Human IgG |
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DB174RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 426 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Normal Rabbit Serum | RS-15-100ML |
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RS-15-100ML | Immunology Consultants Laboratory | 100 mL | EUR 420 |
Description: Normal Rabbit Serum | RS-15-100ML | Immunology Consultants Laboratory Species Reactivity: Rabbit Format: Serum Product Type: Isotype Control Antibody clonality: Polyclonal |
![]() Porcine CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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EPC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Rabbit CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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ERTC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Rat CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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ERC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Mouse CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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EMC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Monkey CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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EMKC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Goat CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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EGTC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Canine CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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ECC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Chicken CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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ECKC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Anserini CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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EAC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Bovine CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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EBC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Sheep CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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ESC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() Anti-Human Kappa Light Chain |
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DB037RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Human Kappa Light Chain |
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DB038RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Human Lambda Light Chain |
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DB039RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Sulfur 15 ug/g (15 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams in no.2 Diesel Fuel |
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SDFS-15-Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 102.6 |
![]() Polyclonal Goat anti-GST α-form |
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GST-ANTI-1 | Detroit R&D | 50 uL | EUR 336 |
![]() Polyclonal Goat anti-GST μ-form |
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GST-ANTI-2 | Detroit R&D | 50 uL | EUR 336 |
![]() Polyclonal Goat anti-GST p-form |
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GST-ANTI-3 | Detroit R&D | 50 uL | EUR 336 |
![]() Guinea Pig CCL-5 ELISA Kit |
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EGC0240 | Abclonal | 96Tests | EUR 625.2 |
![]() DiagNano Gold Nanoparticle Medium Covalent Conjugation Kit, 15 nm |
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GCK-M-15 | Creative Diagnostics | 1 kit | EUR 908.4 |
![]() DiagNano Fluorophore Labeled Gold Nanoparticles, 15 nm, Cellular Uptake |
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GFL-15-CU | Creative Diagnostics | 1mL | EUR 1638 |
![]() Anti-iNOS |
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DB003RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 513.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-p53 |
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DB026RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 405.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD5 |
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DB027RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 496.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD20 |
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DB041RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD45 |
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DB042RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 405.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD163 |
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DB045RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Melanosome |
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DB049RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD10 |
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DB057RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 496.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD117 |
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DB062RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 405.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD1a |
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DB071RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 496.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD3 |
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DB082RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD8 |
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DB085RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 496.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-EGFR |
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DB092RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD7 |
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DB114RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 513.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-MSH2 |
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DB115RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 480 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-p63 |
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DB134RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 416.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD23 |
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DB135RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 514.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Desmin |
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DB148RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 416.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-CD34 |
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DB151RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 416.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-p16 |
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DB152RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 416.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Synaptophysin |
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DB156RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Braf |
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DB159RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 850.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-p60 |
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DB203RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 416.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() anti-Calpain 15 |
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YF-PA24745 | Abfrontier | 50 ul | EUR 400.8 |
Description: Mouse polyclonal to Calpain 15 |
![]() anti-Cytokeratin 15 |
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YF-PA12886 | Abfrontier | 100 ul | EUR 483.6 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to Cytokeratin 15 |
![]() anti-Cytokeratin 15 |
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YF-PA12887 | Abfrontier | 100 ug | EUR 483.6 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to Cytokeratin 15 |
![]() anti-Claudin 15 |
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YF-PA18066 | Abfrontier | 50 ug | EUR 435.6 |
Description: Mouse polyclonal to Claudin 15 |
![]() anti-Claudin 15 |
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YF-PA18067 | Abfrontier | 100 ug | EUR 483.6 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to Claudin 15 |
![]() anti-Kallikrein 15 |
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YF-PA19752 | Abfrontier | 50 ul | EUR 435.6 |
Description: Mouse polyclonal to Kallikrein 15 |
![]() Anti-b-actin |
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DB001RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 318 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Melan A |
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DB050RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 362.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 7 |
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DB051RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 370.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-S-100 |
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DB055RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cyclin D1 |
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DB066RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 496.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Ki-67 |
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DB070RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-TTF-1 |
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DB089RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 513.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 8 |
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DB098RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 370.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 14 |
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DB099RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 362.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 16 |
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DB100RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 362.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 17 |
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DB101RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 362.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 18 |
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DB102RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 318 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 19 |
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DB103RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 318 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-C3d complement |
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DB106RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-C4d complement |
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DB107RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Ki-67 |
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DB111RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 20 |
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DB119RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 370.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Chromogranin A |
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DB158RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-P504S (AMACR) |
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DB208RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 408 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Human GCDFP-15 antibody |
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STJ16100371 | St John's Laboratory | 1 mL | EUR 1147.2 |
![]() Anti-ER (Estrogen Receptor) |
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DB053RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 487.2 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-PR (Progesterone Receptor) |
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DB059RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 513.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-EBV/LMP-1 |
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DB060RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 513.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-EBV/LMP-1 |
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DB061RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 513.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Cytokeratin 5/6 |
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DB097RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 424.8 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-PR (Progesterone Receptor) |
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DB108RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 513.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-PR (Progesterone Receptor) |
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DB109RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 513.6 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-p16 (mouse monoclonal) |
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DB253RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 416.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() TruStrip Sample Transfer Strips, 15-ul, 50/Pk (without sample tracking dye) |
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STS-15-50 | Alpha Diagnostics | 1 Pk | Ask for price |
![]() TruStrip Sample Transfer Strips, 15-ul, 50/Pk (with sample tracking dye) |
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STSD-15-50 | Alpha Diagnostics | 1 Pk | Ask for price |
![]() Anti-PLAP (Placental Alkaline Phosphatase) |
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DB047RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 318 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-EMA (CD227, Mucin-1) |
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DB048RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 318 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Anti-Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin |
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DB147RTU-15 | DB Biotech | 15 ml | EUR 416.4 |
Description: rabbit monospecific clonal antibodies for ihc-p application; prediluted (ready to use) |
![]() Nori® Porcine 6-Plex ELISA Kits-CCL |
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GR224026 | Genorise Scientific | 96-well | EUR 754.8 |
![]() Nori® Equine 6-Plex ELISA Kits-CCL |
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GR225026 | Genorise Scientific | 96-well | EUR 754.8 |